Karakteristik dan Distribusi Sampah Laut Makro di Pesisir Teluk Ambon

Fahrul Rozy  Fakaubun; Muhammad Fahrul  Barcinta; Milyan Uli Latue; Eva S.  Ratuluhain; Imanuel V. T.  Soukotta; Valentine D.  Saleky

doi:10.62048/qjms.v3i2.166

Penulis

Fahrul Rozy Fakaubun Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia
Muhammad Fahrul Barcinta Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia
Milyan Uli Latue Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia
Eva S. Ratuluhain Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia
Imanuel V. T. Soukotta Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia
Valentine D. Saleky Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62048/qjms.v3i2.166

Kata Kunci:

sampah laut makro, komposisi material, sampah plastik, distribusi spasial, Teluk Ambon

Abstrak

Sampah laut merupakan salah satu permasalahan lingkungan yang semakin mendapat perhatian di wilayah pesisir, terutama pada perairan semi-tertutup seperti Teluk Ambon. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik sampah laut makro berdasarkan komposisi material, jumlah, massa, dan kepadatan pada empat stasiun pengamatan di pesisir Teluk Ambon. Survei lapangan dilakukan pada Desember 2025 menggunakan metode transek garis pantai sesuai pedoman pemantauan nasional. Sampah berukuran lebih dari 2,5 cm diklasifikasikan berdasarkan jenis material, kemudian dihitung jumlah dan diukur massanya. Variasi komposisi material dianalisis menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon–Wiener (H'), sedangkan perbedaan massa sampah antar stasiun diuji menggunakan uji non-parametrik Kruskal–Wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa plastik merupakan material yang paling dominan di seluruh stasiun sehingga menghasilkan tingkat keragaman material yang rendah. Selain itu, terdapat perbedaan massa sampah laut makro yang signifikan antar stasiun, dengan Stasiun Poka menunjukkan akumulasi sampah tertinggi, sedangkan Stasiun Lateri memiliki komposisi material yang relatif lebih beragam dibandingkan stasiun lainnya. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik sampah laut makro di Teluk Ambon bervariasi secara spasial, sehingga pengelolaan sampah laut perlu mempertimbangkan karakteristik spesifik masing-masing wilayah pesisir untuk mendukung upaya pengendalian yang lebih efektif.

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